TY - JOUR

T1 - Sjögren's syndrome

T2 - novel insights from proteomics and miRNA expression analysis

AU - Kamounah, Sarah

AU - Sembler-Møller, Maria Lynn

AU - Nielsen, Claus Henrik

AU - Pedersen, Anne Marie Lynge

N1 - Copyright © 2023 Kamounah, Sembler-Møller, Nielsen and Pedersen.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - INTRODUCTION: Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease, which affects the exocrine glands leading to glandular dysfunction and, particularly, symptoms of oral and ocular dryness. The aetiology of SS remains unclear, and the disease lacks distinctive clinical features. The current diagnostic work-up is complex, invasive and often time-consuming. Thus, there is an emerging need for identifying disease-specific and, ideally, non-invasive immunological and molecular biomarkers that can simplify the diagnostic process, allow stratification of patients, and assist in monitoring the disease course and outcome of therapeutic intervention in SS.METHODS: This systematic review addresses the use of proteomics and miRNA-expression profile analyses in this regard.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Out of 272 papers that were identified and 108 reviewed, a total of 42 papers on proteomics and 23 papers on miRNA analyses in saliva, blood and salivary gland tissue were included in this review. Overall, the proteomic and miRNA studies revealed considerable variations with regard to candidate biomarker proteins and miRNAs, most likely due to variation in sample size, processing and analytical methods, but also reflecting the complexity of SS and patient heterogeneity. However, interesting novel knowledge has emerged and further validation is needed to confirm their potential role as biomarkers in SS.

AB - INTRODUCTION: Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease, which affects the exocrine glands leading to glandular dysfunction and, particularly, symptoms of oral and ocular dryness. The aetiology of SS remains unclear, and the disease lacks distinctive clinical features. The current diagnostic work-up is complex, invasive and often time-consuming. Thus, there is an emerging need for identifying disease-specific and, ideally, non-invasive immunological and molecular biomarkers that can simplify the diagnostic process, allow stratification of patients, and assist in monitoring the disease course and outcome of therapeutic intervention in SS.METHODS: This systematic review addresses the use of proteomics and miRNA-expression profile analyses in this regard.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Out of 272 papers that were identified and 108 reviewed, a total of 42 papers on proteomics and 23 papers on miRNA analyses in saliva, blood and salivary gland tissue were included in this review. Overall, the proteomic and miRNA studies revealed considerable variations with regard to candidate biomarker proteins and miRNAs, most likely due to variation in sample size, processing and analytical methods, but also reflecting the complexity of SS and patient heterogeneity. However, interesting novel knowledge has emerged and further validation is needed to confirm their potential role as biomarkers in SS.

KW - Humans

KW - Sjogren's Syndrome/diagnosis

KW - MicroRNAs/genetics

KW - Proteomics/methods

KW - Saliva/metabolism

KW - Biomarkers

U2 - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1183195

DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1183195

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37275849

VL - 14

JO - Frontiers in Immunology

JF - Frontiers in Immunology

SN - 1664-3224

M1 - 1183195

ER -